Better errors (#14)

* make reading use thiserror

* finish implementing all the error things

* clippy warnings related to ok_or

* fix some errors in other places

* thiserror in more places

* don't use closures in a couple places

* errors in writing packet

* rip backtraces

* change some BufReadError::Custom to UnexpectedEnumVariant

* Errors say what packet is bad

* error on leftover data and fix

it wasn't reading the properties for gameprofile

55 files changed, 589 insertions, 382 deletions

diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index d38f8eaf..5f1bdb2e 100755
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -20,6 +20,12 @@ dependencies = [
 ]
 
 [[package]]
+name = "anyhow"
+version = "1.0.59"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "c91f1f46651137be86f3a2b9a8359f9ab421d04d941c62b5982e1ca21113adf9"
+
+[[package]]
 name = "async-compression"
 version = "0.3.14"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
@@ -75,6 +81,7 @@ checksum = "d468802bab17cbc0cc575e9b053f41e72aa36bfa6b7f55e3529ffa43161b97fa"
 name = "azalea-auth"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
+ "azalea-buf",
  "uuid",
 ]
 
@@ -95,6 +102,8 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
  "buf-macros",
  "byteorder",
+ "serde_json",
+ "thiserror",
  "tokio",
  "uuid",
 ]
@@ -114,12 +123,14 @@ dependencies = [
 name = "azalea-client"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
+ "anyhow",
  "azalea-auth",
  "azalea-core",
  "azalea-crypto",
  "azalea-entity",
  "azalea-protocol",
  "azalea-world",
+ "thiserror",
  "tokio",
  "uuid",
 ]
@@ -218,6 +229,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "azalea-nbt",
  "log",
  "nohash-hasher",
+ "thiserror",
  "uuid",
 ]
 
@@ -1290,18 +1302,18 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "thiserror"
-version = "1.0.31"
+version = "1.0.32"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "bd829fe32373d27f76265620b5309d0340cb8550f523c1dda251d6298069069a"
+checksum = "f5f6586b7f764adc0231f4c79be7b920e766bb2f3e51b3661cdb263828f19994"
 dependencies = [
  "thiserror-impl",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "thiserror-impl"
-version = "1.0.31"
+version = "1.0.32"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0396bc89e626244658bef819e22d0cc459e795a5ebe878e6ec336d1674a8d79a"
+checksum = "12bafc5b54507e0149cdf1b145a5d80ab80a90bcd9275df43d4fff68460f6c21"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
diff --git a/azalea-auth/Cargo.toml b/azalea-auth/Cargo.toml
index fe306186..1bef8c57 100755
--- a/azalea-auth/Cargo.toml
+++ b/azalea-auth/Cargo.toml
@@ -6,4 +6,5 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 # See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html
 
 [dependencies]
+azalea-buf = {path = "../azalea-buf"}
 uuid = "1.1.2"
diff --git a/azalea-auth/src/game_profile.rs b/azalea-auth/src/game_profile.rs
index d75f60a4..333f926f 100755
--- a/azalea-auth/src/game_profile.rs
+++ b/azalea-auth/src/game_profile.rs
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
+use azalea_buf::McBuf;
 use std::collections::HashMap;
-
 use uuid::Uuid;
 
-#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+#[derive(McBuf, Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct GameProfile {
     pub uuid: Uuid,
     pub name: String,
-    pub properties: HashMap<String, String>,
+    pub properties: HashMap<String, ProfilePropertyValue>,
 }
 
 impl GameProfile {
@@ -18,3 +18,9 @@ impl GameProfile {
         }
     }
 }
+
+#[derive(McBuf, Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct ProfilePropertyValue {
+    pub value: String,
+    pub signature: Option<String>,
+}
diff --git a/azalea-buf/Cargo.toml b/azalea-buf/Cargo.toml
index 4321dace..0ff100ac 100644
--- a/azalea-buf/Cargo.toml
+++ b/azalea-buf/Cargo.toml
@@ -7,6 +7,11 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 
 [dependencies]
 buf-macros = {path = "./buf-macros"}
-byteorder = "1.4.3"
+byteorder = "^1.4.3"
+serde_json = {version = "^1.0", optional = true}
+thiserror = "^1.0.31"
 tokio = {version = "^1.19.2", features = ["io-util", "net", "macros"]}
-uuid = "1.1.2"
+uuid = "^1.1.2"
+
+[features]
+serde_json = ["dep:serde_json"]
diff --git a/azalea-buf/buf-macros/Cargo.toml b/azalea-buf/buf-macros/Cargo.toml
index fecf64ed..64e9a228 100644
--- a/azalea-buf/buf-macros/Cargo.toml
+++ b/azalea-buf/buf-macros/Cargo.toml
@@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ proc-macro = true
 [dependencies]
 proc-macro2 = "^1.0.36"
 quote = "^1.0.10"
-syn = "^1.0.82"
+syn = {version = "^1.0.82", features = ["extra-traits"]}
diff --git a/azalea-buf/buf-macros/src/lib.rs b/azalea-buf/buf-macros/src/lib.rs
index a735a920..25bceef0 100644
--- a/azalea-buf/buf-macros/src/lib.rs
+++ b/azalea-buf/buf-macros/src/lib.rs
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ fn create_impl_mcbufreadable(ident: &Ident, data: &Data) -> proc_macro2::TokenSt
 
             quote! {
             impl azalea_buf::McBufReadable for #ident {
-                fn read_from(buf: &mut impl std::io::Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+                fn read_from(buf: &mut impl std::io::Read) -> Result<Self, azalea_buf::BufReadError> {
                     #(#read_fields)*
                     Ok(#ident {
                         #(#read_field_names: #read_field_names),*
@@ -60,9 +60,14 @@ fn create_impl_mcbufreadable(ident: &Ident, data: &Data) -> proc_macro2::TokenSt
                         variant_discrim = match &d.1 {
                             syn::Expr::Lit(e) => match &e.lit {
                                 syn::Lit::Int(i) => i.base10_parse().unwrap(),
-                                _ => panic!("Error parsing enum discriminant"),
+                                _ => panic!("Error parsing enum discriminant as int"),
                             },
-                            _ => panic!("Error parsing enum discriminant"),
+                            syn::Expr::Unary(_) => {
+                                panic!("Negative enum discriminants are not supported")
+                            }
+                            _ => {
+                                panic!("Error parsing enum discriminant as literal (is {:?})", d.1)
+                            }
                         }
                     }
                     None => {
@@ -76,12 +81,12 @@ fn create_impl_mcbufreadable(ident: &Ident, data: &Data) -> proc_macro2::TokenSt
 
             quote! {
             impl azalea_buf::McBufReadable for #ident {
-                fn read_from(buf: &mut impl std::io::Read) -> Result<Self, String>
+                fn read_from(buf: &mut impl std::io::Read) -> Result<Self, azalea_buf::BufReadError>
                 {
                     let id = azalea_buf::McBufVarReadable::var_read_from(buf)?;
                     match id {
                         #match_contents
-                        _ => Err(format!("Unknown enum variant {}", id)),
+                        _ => Err(azalea_buf::BufReadError::UnexpectedEnumVariant { id: id as i32 }),
                     }
                 }
             }
diff --git a/azalea-buf/src/definitions.rs b/azalea-buf/src/definitions.rs
index f3452bea..cfe1bd8a 100644
--- a/azalea-buf/src/definitions.rs
+++ b/azalea-buf/src/definitions.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use crate::{McBufReadable, McBufWritable};
+use crate::{read::BufReadError, McBufReadable, McBufWritable};
 use std::{
     io::{Read, Write},
     ops::Deref,
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ impl BitSet {
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for BitSet {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         Ok(Self {
             data: Vec::<u64>::read_from(buf)?,
         })
diff --git a/azalea-buf/src/lib.rs b/azalea-buf/src/lib.rs
index 5bde833c..7860325e 100644
--- a/azalea-buf/src/lib.rs
+++ b/azalea-buf/src/lib.rs
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ mod write;
 
 pub use buf_macros::*;
 pub use definitions::*;
-pub use read::{read_varint_async, McBufReadable, McBufVarReadable, Readable};
+pub use read::{read_varint_async, BufReadError, McBufReadable, McBufVarReadable, Readable};
 pub use serializable_uuid::*;
 pub use write::{McBufVarWritable, McBufWritable, Writable};
 
diff --git a/azalea-buf/src/read.rs b/azalea-buf/src/read.rs
index 684404bc..8518d637 100644
--- a/azalea-buf/src/read.rs
+++ b/azalea-buf/src/read.rs
@@ -1,34 +1,62 @@
 use super::{UnsizedByteArray, MAX_STRING_LENGTH};
 use byteorder::{ReadBytesExt, BE};
 use std::{collections::HashMap, hash::Hash, io::Read};
+use thiserror::Error;
 use tokio::io::{AsyncRead, AsyncReadExt};
 
+#[derive(Error, Debug)]
+pub enum BufReadError {
+    #[error("Invalid VarInt")]
+    InvalidVarInt,
+    #[error("Invalid VarLong")]
+    InvalidVarLong,
+    #[error("Error reading bytes")]
+    CouldNotReadBytes,
+    #[error("The received encoded string buffer length is less than zero! Weird string!")]
+    StringLengthLessThanZero,
+    #[error("The received encoded string buffer length is longer than maximum allowed ({length} > {max_length})")]
+    StringLengthTooLong { length: i32, max_length: u32 },
+    #[error("{0}")]
+    Io(#[from] std::io::Error),
+    #[error("Boolean value is not 0 or 1")]
+    InvalidBoolean,
+    #[error("Invalid UTF-8")]
+    InvalidUtf8,
+    #[error("Unexpected enum variant {id}")]
+    UnexpectedEnumVariant { id: i32 },
+    #[error("{0}")]
+    Custom(String),
+    #[cfg(feature = "serde_json")]
+    #[error("{0}")]
+    Deserialization(#[from] serde_json::Error),
+}
+
 // TODO: get rid of Readable and use McBufReadable everywhere
 
 pub trait Readable {
-    fn read_int_id_list(&mut self) -> Result<Vec<i32>, String>;
-    fn read_varint(&mut self) -> Result<i32, String>;
+    fn read_int_id_list(&mut self) -> Result<Vec<i32>, BufReadError>;
+    fn read_varint(&mut self) -> Result<i32, BufReadError>;
     fn get_varint_size(&mut self, value: i32) -> u8;
     fn get_varlong_size(&mut self, value: i32) -> u8;
-    fn read_byte_array(&mut self) -> Result<Vec<u8>, String>;
-    fn read_bytes_with_len(&mut self, n: usize) -> Result<Vec<u8>, String>;
-    fn read_bytes(&mut self) -> Result<Vec<u8>, String>;
-    fn read_utf(&mut self) -> Result<String, String>;
-    fn read_utf_with_len(&mut self, max_length: u32) -> Result<String, String>;
-    fn read_byte(&mut self) -> Result<u8, String>;
-    fn read_int(&mut self) -> Result<i32, String>;
-    fn read_boolean(&mut self) -> Result<bool, String>;
-    fn read_long(&mut self) -> Result<i64, String>;
-    fn read_short(&mut self) -> Result<i16, String>;
-    fn read_float(&mut self) -> Result<f32, String>;
-    fn read_double(&mut self) -> Result<f64, String>;
+    fn read_byte_array(&mut self) -> Result<Vec<u8>, BufReadError>;
+    fn read_bytes_with_len(&mut self, n: usize) -> Result<Vec<u8>, BufReadError>;
+    fn read_bytes(&mut self) -> Result<Vec<u8>, BufReadError>;
+    fn read_utf(&mut self) -> Result<String, BufReadError>;
+    fn read_utf_with_len(&mut self, max_length: u32) -> Result<String, BufReadError>;
+    fn read_byte(&mut self) -> Result<u8, BufReadError>;
+    fn read_int(&mut self) -> Result<i32, BufReadError>;
+    fn read_boolean(&mut self) -> Result<bool, BufReadError>;
+    fn read_long(&mut self) -> Result<i64, BufReadError>;
+    fn read_short(&mut self) -> Result<i16, BufReadError>;
+    fn read_float(&mut self) -> Result<f32, BufReadError>;
+    fn read_double(&mut self) -> Result<f64, BufReadError>;
 }
 
 impl<R> Readable for R
 where
     R: Read,
 {
-    fn read_int_id_list(&mut self) -> Result<Vec<i32>, String> {
+    fn read_int_id_list(&mut self) -> Result<Vec<i32>, BufReadError> {
         let len = self.read_varint()?;
         let mut list = Vec::with_capacity(len as usize);
         for _ in 0..len {
@@ -39,12 +67,12 @@ where
 
     // fast varints modified from https://github.com/luojia65/mc-varint/blob/master/src/lib.rs#L67
     /// Read a single varint from the reader and return the value, along with the number of bytes read
-    fn read_varint(&mut self) -> Result<i32, String> {
+    fn read_varint(&mut self) -> Result<i32, BufReadError> {
         let mut buffer = [0];
         let mut ans = 0;
         for i in 0..5 {
             self.read_exact(&mut buffer)
-                .map_err(|_| "Invalid VarInt".to_string())?;
+                .map_err(|_| BufReadError::InvalidVarInt)?;
             ans |= ((buffer[0] & 0b0111_1111) as i32) << (7 * i);
             if buffer[0] & 0b1000_0000 == 0 {
                 return Ok(ans);
@@ -73,122 +101,102 @@ where
         10
     }
 
-    fn read_byte_array(&mut self) -> Result<Vec<u8>, String> {
+    fn read_byte_array(&mut self) -> Result<Vec<u8>, BufReadError> {
         let length = self.read_varint()? as usize;
         self.read_bytes_with_len(length)
     }
 
-    fn read_bytes_with_len(&mut self, n: usize) -> Result<Vec<u8>, String> {
+    fn read_bytes_with_len(&mut self, n: usize) -> Result<Vec<u8>, BufReadError> {
         let mut buffer = vec![0; n];
         self.read_exact(&mut buffer)
-            .map_err(|_| "Error reading bytes".to_string())?;
+            .map_err(|_| BufReadError::CouldNotReadBytes)?;
         Ok(buffer)
     }
 
-    fn read_bytes(&mut self) -> Result<Vec<u8>, String> {
+    fn read_bytes(&mut self) -> Result<Vec<u8>, BufReadError> {
         // read to end of the buffer
         let mut bytes = vec![];
         self.read_to_end(&mut bytes)
-            .map_err(|_| "Error reading bytes".to_string())?;
+            .map_err(|_| BufReadError::CouldNotReadBytes)?;
         Ok(bytes)
     }
 
-    fn read_utf(&mut self) -> Result<String, String> {
+    fn read_utf(&mut self) -> Result<String, BufReadError> {
         self.read_utf_with_len(MAX_STRING_LENGTH.into())
     }
 
-    fn read_utf_with_len(&mut self, max_length: u32) -> Result<String, String> {
+    fn read_utf_with_len(&mut self, max_length: u32) -> Result<String, BufReadError> {
         let length = self.read_varint()?;
         // i don't know why it's multiplied by 4 but it's like that in mojang's code so
         if length < 0 {
-            return Err(
-                "The received encoded string buffer length is less than zero! Weird string!"
-                    .to_string(),
-            );
+            return Err(BufReadError::StringLengthLessThanZero);
         }
         if length as u32 > max_length * 4 {
-            return Err(format!(
-                "The received encoded string buffer length is longer than maximum allowed ({} > {})",
+            return Err(BufReadError::StringLengthTooLong {
                 length,
-                max_length * 4
-            ));
+                max_length: max_length * 4,
+            });
         }
 
         // this is probably quite inefficient, idk how to do it better
         let mut string = String::new();
         let mut buffer = vec![0; length as usize];
         self.read_exact(&mut buffer)
-            .map_err(|_| "Invalid UTF-8".to_string())?;
+            .map_err(|_| BufReadError::InvalidUtf8)?;
         string.push_str(std::str::from_utf8(&buffer).unwrap());
         if string.len() > length as usize {
-            return Err(format!(
-                "The received string length is longer than maximum allowed ({} > {})",
-                length, max_length
-            ));
+            return Err(BufReadError::StringLengthTooLong { length, max_length });
         }
 
         Ok(string)
     }
 
     /// Read a single byte from the reader
-    fn read_byte(&mut self) -> Result<u8, String> {
-        self.read_u8().map_err(|_| "Error reading byte".to_string())
+    fn read_byte(&mut self) -> Result<u8, BufReadError> {
+        Ok(self.read_u8()?)
     }
 
-    fn read_int(&mut self) -> Result<i32, String> {
-        match self.read_i32::<BE>() {
-            Ok(r) => Ok(r),
-            Err(_) => Err("Error reading int".to_string()),
-        }
+    fn read_int(&mut self) -> Result<i32, BufReadError> {
+        Ok(self.read_i32::<BE>()?)
     }
 
-    fn read_boolean(&mut self) -> Result<bool, String> {
+    fn read_boolean(&mut self) -> Result<bool, BufReadError> {
         match self.read_byte()? {
             0 => Ok(false),
             1 => Ok(true),
-            _ => Err("Error reading boolean".to_string()),
+            _ => Err(BufReadError::InvalidBoolean),
         }
     }
 
-    fn read_long(&mut self) -> Result<i64, String> {
-        match self.read_i64::<BE>() {
-            Ok(r) => Ok(r),
-            Err(_) => Err("Error reading long".to_string()),
-        }
+    fn read_long(&mut self) -> Result<i64, BufReadError> {
+        Ok(self.read_i64::<BE>()?)
     }
 
-    fn read_short(&mut self) -> Result<i16, String> {
-        match self.read_i16::<BE>() {
-            Ok(r) => Ok(r),
-            Err(_) => Err("Error reading short".to_string()),
-        }
+    fn read_short(&mut self) -> Result<i16, BufReadError> {
+        Ok(self.read_i16::<BE>()?)
     }
 
-    fn read_float(&mut self) -> Result<f32, String> {
-        match self.read_f32::<BE>() {
-            Ok(r) => Ok(r),
-            Err(_) => Err("Error reading float".to_string()),
-        }
+    fn read_float(&mut self) -> Result<f32, BufReadError> {
+        Ok(self.read_f32::<BE>()?)
     }
 
-    fn read_double(&mut self) -> Result<f64, String> {
-        match self.read_f64::<BE>() {
-            Ok(r) => Ok(r),
-            Err(_) => Err("Error reading double".to_string()),
-        }
+    fn read_double(&mut self) -> Result<f64, BufReadError> {
+        Ok(self.read_f64::<BE>()?)
     }
 }
 
 // fast varints modified from https://github.com/luojia65/mc-varint/blob/master/src/lib.rs#L67
 /// Read a single varint from the reader and return the value, along with the number of bytes read
-pub async fn read_varint_async(reader: &mut (dyn AsyncRead + Unpin + Send)) -> Result<i32, String> {
+pub async fn read_varint_async(
+    reader: &mut (dyn AsyncRead + Unpin + Send),
+) -> Result<i32, BufReadError> {
     let mut buffer = [0];
     let mut ans = 0;
     for i in 0..5 {
         reader
             .read_exact(&mut buffer)
             .await
-            .map_err(|_| "Invalid VarInt".to_string())?;
+            .map_err(|_| BufReadError::InvalidVarInt)?;
         ans |= ((buffer[0] & 0b0111_1111) as i32) << (7 * i);
         if buffer[0] & 0b1000_0000 == 0 {
             return Ok(ans);
@@ -201,36 +209,36 @@ pub trait McBufReadable
 where
     Self: Sized,
 {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String>;
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError>;
 }
 
 pub trait McBufVarReadable
 where
     Self: Sized,
 {
-    fn var_read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String>;
+    fn var_read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError>;
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for i32 {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         Readable::read_int(buf)
     }
 }
 
 impl McBufVarReadable for i32 {
-    fn var_read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn var_read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         buf.read_varint()
     }
 }
 
 impl McBufVarReadable for i64 {
     // fast varints modified from https://github.com/luojia65/mc-varint/blob/master/src/lib.rs#L54
-    fn var_read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn var_read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         let mut buffer = [0];
         let mut ans = 0;
         for i in 0..8 {
             buf.read_exact(&mut buffer)
-                .map_err(|_| "Invalid VarLong".to_string())?;
+                .map_err(|_| BufReadError::InvalidVarLong)?;
             ans |= ((buffer[0] & 0b0111_1111) as i64) << (7 * i);
             if buffer[0] & 0b1000_0000 == 0 {
                 break;
@@ -240,19 +248,19 @@ impl McBufVarReadable for i64 {
     }
 }
 impl McBufVarReadable for u64 {
-    fn var_read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn var_read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         i64::var_read_from(buf).map(|i| i as u64)
     }
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for UnsizedByteArray {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         Ok(buf.read_bytes()?.into())
     }
 }
 
 impl<T: McBufReadable + Send> McBufReadable for Vec<T> {
-    default fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    default fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         let length = buf.read_varint()? as usize;
         let mut contents = Vec::with_capacity(length);
         for _ in 0..length {
@@ -263,7 +271,7 @@ impl<T: McBufReadable + Send> McBufReadable for Vec<T> {
 }
 
 impl<K: McBufReadable + Send + Eq + Hash, V: McBufReadable + Send> McBufReadable for HashMap<K, V> {
-    default fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    default fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         let length = buf.read_varint()? as usize;
         let mut contents = HashMap::with_capacity(length);
         for _ in 0..length {
@@ -274,49 +282,49 @@ impl<K: McBufReadable + Send + Eq + Hash, V: McBufReadable + Send> McBufReadable
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for Vec<u8> {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         buf.read_byte_array()
     }
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for String {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         buf.read_utf()
     }
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for u32 {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         Readable::read_int(buf).map(|i| i as u32)
     }
 }
 
 impl McBufVarReadable for u32 {
-    fn var_read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn var_read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         buf.read_varint().map(|i| i as u32)
     }
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for u16 {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         buf.read_short().map(|i| i as u16)
     }
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for i16 {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         buf.read_short()
     }
 }
 
 impl McBufVarReadable for u16 {
-    fn var_read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn var_read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         buf.read_varint().map(|i| i as u16)
     }
 }
 
 impl<T: McBufVarReadable> McBufVarReadable for Vec<T> {
-    fn var_read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn var_read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         let length = buf.read_varint()? as usize;
         let mut contents = Vec::with_capacity(length);
         for _ in 0..length {
@@ -327,49 +335,49 @@ impl<T: McBufVarReadable> McBufVarReadable for Vec<T> {
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for i64 {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         buf.read_long()
     }
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for u64 {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         i64::read_from(buf).map(|i| i as u64)
     }
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for bool {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         buf.read_boolean()
     }
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for u8 {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         buf.read_byte()
     }
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for i8 {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         buf.read_byte().map(|i| i as i8)
     }
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for f32 {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         buf.read_float()
     }
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for f64 {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         buf.read_double()
     }
 }
 
 impl<T: McBufReadable> McBufReadable for Option<T> {
-    default fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    default fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         let present = buf.read_boolean()?;
         Ok(if present {
             Some(T::read_from(buf)?)
diff --git a/azalea-buf/src/serializable_uuid.rs b/azalea-buf/src/serializable_uuid.rs
index eb256d90..fad5edfc 100644
--- a/azalea-buf/src/serializable_uuid.rs
+++ b/azalea-buf/src/serializable_uuid.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use crate::{McBufReadable, McBufWritable, Readable};
+use crate::{read::BufReadError, McBufReadable, McBufWritable, Readable};
 use std::io::{Read, Write};
 use uuid::Uuid;
 
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ impl SerializableUuid for Uuid {
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for Uuid {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         Ok(Uuid::from_int_array([
             Readable::read_int(buf)? as u32,
             Readable::read_int(buf)? as u32,
diff --git a/azalea-chat/Cargo.toml b/azalea-chat/Cargo.toml
index 5b85f6c2..2da86829 100755
--- a/azalea-chat/Cargo.toml
+++ b/azalea-chat/Cargo.toml
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 # See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html
 
 [dependencies]
-azalea-buf = {path = "../azalea-buf"}
+azalea-buf = {path = "../azalea-buf", features = ["serde_json"]}
 azalea-language = {path = "../azalea-language"}
 lazy_static = "1.4.0"
 serde = "^1.0.130"
diff --git a/azalea-chat/src/component.rs b/azalea-chat/src/component.rs
index d2f687d4..8a038bf0 100755
--- a/azalea-chat/src/component.rs
+++ b/azalea-chat/src/component.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use std::io::{Read, Write};
 
-use azalea_buf::{McBufReadable, McBufWritable};
+use azalea_buf::{BufReadError, McBufReadable, McBufWritable};
 use serde::{de, Deserialize, Deserializer};
 
 use crate::{
@@ -269,11 +269,10 @@ impl<'de> Deserialize<'de> for Component {
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for Component {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         let string = String::read_from(buf)?;
-        let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(string.as_str())
-            .map_err(|_| "Component isn't valid JSON".to_string())?;
-        let component = Component::deserialize(json).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+        let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(string.as_str())?;
+        let component = Component::deserialize(json)?;
         Ok(component)
     }
 }
diff --git a/azalea-chat/src/style.rs b/azalea-chat/src/style.rs
index 9fca6563..3a667776 100755
--- a/azalea-chat/src/style.rs
+++ b/azalea-chat/src/style.rs
@@ -9,17 +9,17 @@ pub struct TextColor {
 }
 
 impl TextColor {
-    pub fn parse(value: String) -> Result<TextColor, String> {
+    pub fn parse(value: String) -> Option<TextColor> {
         if value.starts_with('#') {
             let n = value.chars().skip(1).collect::<String>();
             let n = u32::from_str_radix(&n, 16).unwrap();
-            return Ok(TextColor::from_rgb(n));
+            return Some(TextColor::from_rgb(n));
         }
         let color_option = NAMED_COLORS.get(&value.to_ascii_uppercase());
         if let Some(color) = color_option {
-            return Ok(color.clone());
+            return Some(color.clone());
         }
-        Err(format!("Invalid color {}", value))
+        None
     }
 
     fn from_rgb(value: u32) -> TextColor {
@@ -157,13 +157,14 @@ impl<'a> ChatFormatting<'a> {
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn from_code(code: char) -> Result<&'static ChatFormatting<'static>, String> {
+    pub fn from_code(code: char) -> Option<&'static ChatFormatting<'static>> {
         for formatter in &ChatFormatting::FORMATTERS {
             if formatter.code == code {
-                return Ok(formatter);
+                return Some(formatter);
             }
         }
-        Err(format!("Invalid formatting code {}", code))
+
+        None
     }
 }
 
@@ -241,7 +242,7 @@ impl Style {
             let color: Option<TextColor> = json_object
                 .get("color")
                 .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
-                .and_then(|v| TextColor::parse(v.to_string()).ok());
+                .and_then(|v| TextColor::parse(v.to_string()));
             Style {
                 color,
                 bold,
diff --git a/azalea-chat/src/text_component.rs b/azalea-chat/src/text_component.rs
index a704f455..a3eb0e4b 100755
--- a/azalea-chat/src/text_component.rs
+++ b/azalea-chat/src/text_component.rs
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ pub fn legacy_color_code_to_text_component(legacy_color_code: &str) -> TextCompo
     while i < legacy_color_code.chars().count() {
         if legacy_color_code.chars().nth(i).unwrap() == LEGACY_FORMATTING_CODE_SYMBOL {
             let formatting_code = legacy_color_code.chars().nth(i + 1).unwrap();
-            if let Ok(formatter) = ChatFormatting::from_code(formatting_code) {
+            if let Some(formatter) = ChatFormatting::from_code(formatting_code) {
                 if components.is_empty() || !components.last().unwrap().text.is_empty() {
                     components.push(TextComponent::new("".to_string()));
                 }
diff --git a/azalea-client/Cargo.toml b/azalea-client/Cargo.toml
index dc340812..50ba09e2 100755
--- a/azalea-client/Cargo.toml
+++ b/azalea-client/Cargo.toml
@@ -6,11 +6,13 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 # See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html
 
 [dependencies]
+anyhow = "1.0.59"
 azalea-auth = {path = "../azalea-auth"}
 azalea-core = {path = "../azalea-core"}
 azalea-crypto = {path = "../azalea-crypto"}
 azalea-entity = {path = "../azalea-entity"}
 azalea-protocol = {path = "../azalea-protocol"}
 azalea-world = {path = "../azalea-world"}
-tokio = {version = "1.19.2", features = ["sync"]}
-uuid = "1.1.2"
+thiserror = "^1.0.32"
+tokio = {version = "^1.19.2", features = ["sync"]}
+uuid = "^1.1.2"
diff --git a/azalea-client/src/account.rs b/azalea-client/src/account.rs
index 32a46406..c554908f 100644
--- a/azalea-client/src/account.rs
+++ b/azalea-client/src/account.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 //! Connect to Minecraft servers.
 
-use crate::{Client, Event};
+use crate::{client::JoinError, Client, Event};
 use azalea_protocol::ServerAddress;
 use tokio::sync::mpsc::UnboundedReceiver;
 
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ impl Account {
     pub async fn join(
         &self,
         address: &ServerAddress,
-    ) -> Result<(Client, UnboundedReceiver<Event>), String> {
+    ) -> Result<(Client, UnboundedReceiver<Event>), JoinError> {
         Client::join(self, address).await
     }
 }
diff --git a/azalea-client/src/client.rs b/azalea-client/src/client.rs
index 28154bce..38e36b63 100644
--- a/azalea-client/src/client.rs
+++ b/azalea-client/src/client.rs
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ use azalea_auth::game_profile::GameProfile;
 use azalea_core::{ChunkPos, EntityPos, PositionDelta, PositionDeltaTrait, ResourceLocation};
 use azalea_entity::Entity;
 use azalea_protocol::{
-    connect::Connection,
+    connect::{Connection, ConnectionError},
     packets::{
         game::{
             clientbound_player_chat_packet::ClientboundPlayerChatPacket,
@@ -22,13 +22,16 @@ use azalea_protocol::{
         },
         ConnectionProtocol, PROTOCOL_VERSION,
     },
+    read::ReadPacketError,
     resolver, ServerAddress,
 };
 use azalea_world::Dimension;
 use std::{
     fmt::Debug,
+    io,
     sync::{Arc, Mutex},
 };
+use thiserror::Error;
 use tokio::{
     sync::mpsc::{self, UnboundedReceiver, UnboundedSender},
     time::{self},
@@ -70,15 +73,34 @@ pub struct Client {
 /// Whether we should ignore errors when decoding packets.
 const IGNORE_ERRORS: bool = !cfg!(debug_assertions);
 
-#[derive(Debug)]
-struct HandleError(String);
+#[derive(Error, Debug)]
+pub enum JoinError {
+    #[error("{0}")]
+    Resolver(#[from] resolver::ResolverError),
+    #[error("{0}")]
+    Connection(#[from] ConnectionError),
+    #[error("{0}")]
+    ReadPacket(#[from] azalea_protocol::read::ReadPacketError),
+    #[error("{0}")]
+    Io(#[from] io::Error),
+}
+
+#[derive(Error, Debug)]
+pub enum HandleError {
+    #[error("{0}")]
+    Poison(String),
+    #[error("{0}")]
+    Io(#[from] io::Error),
+    #[error(transparent)]
+    Other(#[from] anyhow::Error),
+}
 
 impl Client {
     /// Connect to a Minecraft server with an account.
     pub async fn join(
         account: &Account,
         address: &ServerAddress,
-    ) -> Result<(Self, UnboundedReceiver<Event>), String> {
+    ) -> Result<(Self, UnboundedReceiver<Event>), JoinError> {
         let resolved_address = resolver::resolve_address(address).await?;
 
         let mut conn = Connection::new(&resolved_address).await?;
@@ -93,7 +115,7 @@ impl Client {
             }
             .get(),
         )
-        .await;
+        .await?;
         let mut conn = conn.login();
 
         // login
@@ -105,7 +127,7 @@ impl Client {
             }
             .get(),
         )
-        .await;
+        .await?;
 
         let (conn, game_profile) = loop {
             let packet_result = conn.read().await;
@@ -126,7 +148,7 @@ impl Client {
                             }
                             .get(),
                         )
-                        .await;
+                        .await?;
                         conn.set_encryption_key(e.secret_key);
                     }
                     ClientboundLoginPacket::ClientboundLoginCompressionPacket(p) => {
@@ -180,22 +202,23 @@ impl Client {
                 Ok(packet) => match Self::handle(&packet, &client, &tx).await {
                     Ok(_) => {}
                     Err(e) => {
-                        println!("Error handling packet: {:?}", e);
+                        println!("Error handling packet: {}", e);
                         if IGNORE_ERRORS {
                             continue;
                         } else {
-                            panic!("Error handling packet: {:?}", e);
+                            panic!("Error handling packet: {}", e);
                         }
                     }
                 },
                 Err(e) => {
                     if IGNORE_ERRORS {
-                        println!("Error: {:?}", e);
-                        if e == "length wider than 21-bit" {
-                            panic!();
+                        println!("{}", e);
+                        match e {
+                            ReadPacketError::FrameSplitter { .. } => panic!("Error: {:?}", e),
+                            _ => continue,
                         }
                     } else {
-                        panic!("Error: {:?}", e);
+                        panic!("{}", e);
                     }
                 }
             };
@@ -303,7 +326,7 @@ impl Client {
                         }
                         .get(),
                     )
-                    .await;
+                    .await?;
 
                 tx.send(Event::Login).unwrap();
             }
@@ -416,7 +439,7 @@ impl Client {
                 let mut conn_lock = client.conn.lock().await;
                 conn_lock
                     .write(ServerboundAcceptTeleportationPacket { id: p.id }.get())
-                    .await;
+                    .await?;
                 conn_lock
                     .write(
                         ServerboundMovePlayerPacketPosRot {
@@ -430,7 +453,7 @@ impl Client {
                         }
                         .get(),
                     )
-                    .await;
+                    .await?;
             }
             ClientboundGamePacket::ClientboundPlayerInfoPacket(p) => {
                 println!("Got player info packet {:?}", p);
@@ -514,14 +537,16 @@ impl Client {
                 let mut dimension_lock = client.dimension.lock()?;
                 let dimension = dimension_lock.as_mut().unwrap();
 
-                dimension.move_entity(
-                    p.id,
-                    EntityPos {
-                        x: p.x,
-                        y: p.y,
-                        z: p.z,
-                    },
-                )?;
+                dimension
+                    .move_entity(
+                        p.id,
+                        EntityPos {
+                            x: p.x,
+                            y: p.y,
+                            z: p.z,
+                        },
+                    )
+                    .map_err(|e| HandleError::Other(e.into()))?;
             }
             ClientboundGamePacket::ClientboundUpdateAdvancementsPacket(p) => {
                 println!("Got update advancements packet {:?}", p);
@@ -533,13 +558,17 @@ impl Client {
                 let mut dimension_lock = client.dimension.lock()?;
                 let dimension = dimension_lock.as_mut().unwrap();
 
-                dimension.move_entity_with_delta(p.entity_id, &p.delta)?;
+                dimension
+                    .move_entity_with_delta(p.entity_id, &p.delta)
+                    .map_err(|e| HandleError::Other(e.into()))?;
             }
             ClientboundGamePacket::ClientboundMoveEntityPosrotPacket(p) => {
                 let mut dimension_lock = client.dimension.lock()?;
                 let dimension = dimension_lock.as_mut().unwrap();
 
-                dimension.move_entity_with_delta(p.entity_id, &p.delta)?;
+                dimension
+                    .move_entity_with_delta(p.entity_id, &p.delta)
+                    .map_err(|e| HandleError::Other(e.into()))?;
             }
             ClientboundGamePacket::ClientboundMoveEntityRotPacket(p) => {
                 println!("Got move entity rot packet {:?}", p);
@@ -551,7 +580,7 @@ impl Client {
                     .lock()
                     .await
                     .write(ServerboundKeepAlivePacket { id: p.id }.get())
-                    .await;
+                    .await?;
             }
             ClientboundGamePacket::ClientboundRemoveEntitiesPacket(p) => {
                 println!("Got remove entities packet {:?}", p);
@@ -625,12 +654,6 @@ impl Client {
 
 impl<T> From<std::sync::PoisonError<T>> for HandleError {
     fn from(e: std::sync::PoisonError<T>) -> Self {
-        HandleError(e.to_string())
-    }
-}
-
-impl From<String> for HandleError {
-    fn from(e: String) -> Self {
-        HandleError(e)
+        HandleError::Poison(e.to_string())
     }
 }
diff --git a/azalea-client/src/movement.rs b/azalea-client/src/movement.rs
index 4f99984f..bc48e1b2 100644
--- a/azalea-client/src/movement.rs
+++ b/azalea-client/src/movement.rs
@@ -1,10 +1,20 @@
 use crate::Client;
 use azalea_core::EntityPos;
 use azalea_protocol::packets::game::serverbound_move_player_packet_pos_rot::ServerboundMovePlayerPacketPosRot;
+use azalea_world::MoveEntityError;
+use thiserror::Error;
+
+#[derive(Error, Debug)]
+pub enum MovePlayerError {
+    #[error("Player is not in world")]
+    PlayerNotInWorld,
+    #[error("{0}")]
+    Io(#[from] std::io::Error),
+}
 
 impl Client {
     /// Set the client's position to the given coordinates.
-    pub async fn move_to(&mut self, new_pos: EntityPos) -> Result<(), String> {
+    pub async fn move_to(&mut self, new_pos: EntityPos) -> Result<(), MovePlayerError> {
         {
             let mut dimension_lock = self.dimension.lock().unwrap();
             let dimension = dimension_lock.as_mut().unwrap();
@@ -14,10 +24,15 @@ impl Client {
             let player_id = if let Some(player_lock) = player_lock.entity(dimension) {
                 player_lock.id
             } else {
-                return Err("Player entity not found".to_string());
+                return Err(MovePlayerError::PlayerNotInWorld);
             };
 
-            dimension.move_entity(player_id, new_pos)?;
+            match dimension.move_entity(player_id, new_pos) {
+                Ok(_) => Ok(()),
+                Err(e) => match e {
+                    MoveEntityError::EntityDoesNotExist => Err(MovePlayerError::PlayerNotInWorld),
+                },
+            }?;
         }
 
         self.conn
@@ -34,7 +49,7 @@ impl Client {
                 }
                 .get(),
             )
-            .await;
+            .await?;
 
         Ok(())
     }
diff --git a/azalea-client/src/ping.rs b/azalea-client/src/ping.rs
index e4acfc34..303fae74 100755
--- a/azalea-client/src/ping.rs
+++ b/azalea-client/src/ping.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ///! Ping Minecraft servers.
 use azalea_protocol::{
-    connect::Connection,
+    connect::{Connection, ConnectionError},
     packets::{
         handshake::client_intention_packet::ClientIntentionPacket,
         status::{
@@ -12,10 +12,24 @@ use azalea_protocol::{
     },
     resolver, ServerAddress,
 };
+use std::io;
+use thiserror::Error;
+
+#[derive(Error, Debug)]
+pub enum PingError {
+    #[error("{0}")]
+    Resolver(#[from] resolver::ResolverError),
+    #[error("{0}")]
+    Connection(#[from] ConnectionError),
+    #[error("{0}")]
+    ReadPacket(#[from] azalea_protocol::read::ReadPacketError),
+    #[error("{0}")]
+    WritePacket(#[from] io::Error),
+}
 
 pub async fn ping_server(
     address: &ServerAddress,
-) -> Result<ClientboundStatusResponsePacket, String> {
+) -> Result<ClientboundStatusResponsePacket, PingError> {
     let resolved_address = resolver::resolve_address(address).await?;
 
     let mut conn = Connection::new(&resolved_address).await?;
@@ -30,13 +44,13 @@ pub async fn ping_server(
         }
         .get(),
     )
-    .await;
+    .await?;
     let mut conn = conn.status();
 
     // send the empty status request packet
-    conn.write(ServerboundStatusRequestPacket {}.get()).await;
+    conn.write(ServerboundStatusRequestPacket {}.get()).await?;
 
-    let packet = conn.read().await.unwrap();
+    let packet = conn.read().await?;
 
     match packet {
         ClientboundStatusPacket::ClientboundStatusResponsePacket(p) => Ok(p),
diff --git a/azalea-core/src/difficulty.rs b/azalea-core/src/difficulty.rs
index f2877f79..65950e8d 100755
--- a/azalea-core/src/difficulty.rs
+++ b/azalea-core/src/difficulty.rs
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ use std::{
     io::{Read, Write},
 };
 
-use azalea_buf::{McBufReadable, McBufWritable};
+use azalea_buf::{BufReadError, McBufReadable, McBufWritable};
 
 #[derive(Hash, Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
 pub enum Difficulty {
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ impl Difficulty {
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for Difficulty {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         Ok(Difficulty::by_id(u8::read_from(buf)?))
     }
 }
diff --git a/azalea-core/src/game_type.rs b/azalea-core/src/game_type.rs
index d41e5b84..429af324 100755
--- a/azalea-core/src/game_type.rs
+++ b/azalea-core/src/game_type.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use azalea_buf::{McBufReadable, McBufWritable};
+use azalea_buf::{BufReadError, McBufReadable, McBufWritable};
 use std::io::{Read, Write};
 
 #[derive(Hash, Copy, Clone, Debug)]
@@ -27,22 +27,24 @@ impl GameType {
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn from_id(id: u8) -> Result<GameType, String> {
-        Ok(match id {
+    pub fn from_id(id: u8) -> Option<GameType> {
+        Some(match id {
             0 => GameType::SURVIVAL,
             1 => GameType::CREATIVE,
             2 => GameType::ADVENTURE,
             3 => GameType::SPECTATOR,
-            _ => return Err(format!("Unknown game type id: {}", id)),
+            _ => return None,
         })
     }
 
-    pub fn from_optional_id(id: i8) -> Result<OptionalGameType, String> {
-        Ok(match id {
-            -1 => None,
-            id => Some(GameType::from_id(id as u8)?),
-        }
-        .into())
+    pub fn from_optional_id(id: i8) -> Option<OptionalGameType> {
+        Some(
+            match id {
+                -1 => None,
+                id => Some(GameType::from_id(id as u8)?),
+            }
+            .into(),
+        )
     }
 
     pub fn short_name(&self) -> &'static str {
@@ -77,8 +79,9 @@ impl GameType {
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for GameType {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
-        GameType::from_id(u8::read_from(buf)?)
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
+        let id = u8::read_from(buf)?;
+        GameType::from_id(id).ok_or_else(|| BufReadError::UnexpectedEnumVariant { id: id as i32 })
     }
 }
 
@@ -105,8 +108,10 @@ impl From<OptionalGameType> for Option<GameType> {
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for OptionalGameType {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
-        GameType::from_optional_id(i8::read_from(buf)?)
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
+        let id = i8::read_from(buf)?;
+        GameType::from_optional_id(id)
+            .ok_or_else(|| BufReadError::UnexpectedEnumVariant { id: id as i32 })
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/azalea-core/src/particle/mod.rs b/azalea-core/src/particle/mod.rs
index 46f88407..c2fa3337 100644
--- a/azalea-core/src/particle/mod.rs
+++ b/azalea-core/src/particle/mod.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use crate::{BlockPos, Slot};
-use azalea_buf::{McBuf, McBufReadable, McBufVarReadable, McBufWritable};
+use azalea_buf::{BufReadError, McBuf, McBufReadable, McBufVarReadable, McBufWritable};
 use std::io::{Read, Write};
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, McBuf)]
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ pub struct VibrationParticle {
 }
 
 impl ParticleData {
-    pub fn read_from_particle_id(buf: &mut impl Read, id: u32) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    pub fn read_from_particle_id(buf: &mut impl Read, id: u32) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         Ok(match id {
             0 => ParticleData::AmbientEntityEffect,
             1 => ParticleData::AngryVillager,
@@ -243,13 +243,13 @@ impl ParticleData {
             85 => ParticleData::WaxOff,
             86 => ParticleData::ElectricSpark,
             87 => ParticleData::Scrape,
-            _ => return Err(format!("Unknown particle id: {}", id)),
+            _ => return Err(BufReadError::UnexpectedEnumVariant { id: id as i32 }),
         })
     }
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for ParticleData {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         let id = u32::var_read_from(buf)?;
         ParticleData::read_from_particle_id(buf, id)
     }
diff --git a/azalea-core/src/position.rs b/azalea-core/src/position.rs
index adc5cafa..7371d530 100644
--- a/azalea-core/src/position.rs
+++ b/azalea-core/src/position.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use crate::ResourceLocation;
-use azalea_buf::{McBufReadable, McBufWritable};
+use azalea_buf::{BufReadError, McBufReadable, McBufWritable};
 use std::{
     io::{Read, Write},
     ops::Rem,
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ impl From<&EntityPos> for ChunkPos {
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for BlockPos {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         let val = u64::read_from(buf)?;
         let x = (val >> 38) as i32;
         let y = (val & 0xFFF) as i32;
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ impl McBufReadable for BlockPos {
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for GlobalPos {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         Ok(GlobalPos {
             dimension: ResourceLocation::read_from(buf)?,
             pos: BlockPos::read_from(buf)?,
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ impl McBufReadable for GlobalPos {
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for ChunkSectionPos {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         let long = i64::read_from(buf)?;
         Ok(ChunkSectionPos {
             x: (long >> 42) as i32,
diff --git a/azalea-core/src/resource_location.rs b/azalea-core/src/resource_location.rs
index 945b6d80..4c0764e5 100755
--- a/azalea-core/src/resource_location.rs
+++ b/azalea-core/src/resource_location.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 //! A resource, like minecraft:stone
 
-use azalea_buf::{McBufReadable, McBufWritable};
+use azalea_buf::{BufReadError, McBufReadable, McBufWritable};
 use std::io::{Read, Write};
 
 #[derive(Hash, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ static DEFAULT_NAMESPACE: &str = "minecraft";
 // static REALMS_NAMESPACE: &str = "realms";
 
 impl ResourceLocation {
-    pub fn new(resource_string: &str) -> Result<ResourceLocation, String> {
+    pub fn new(resource_string: &str) -> Result<ResourceLocation, BufReadError> {
         let sep_byte_position_option = resource_string.chars().position(|c| c == ':');
         let (namespace, path) = if let Some(sep_byte_position) = sep_byte_position_option {
             if sep_byte_position == 0 {
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ impl std::fmt::Debug for ResourceLocation {
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for ResourceLocation {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         let location_string = String::read_from(buf)?;
         ResourceLocation::new(&location_string)
     }
diff --git a/azalea-core/src/slot.rs b/azalea-core/src/slot.rs
index 8b1f784d..38abcf61 100644
--- a/azalea-core/src/slot.rs
+++ b/azalea-core/src/slot.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 // TODO: have an azalea-inventory or azalea-container crate and put this there
 
-use azalea_buf::{McBuf, McBufReadable, McBufWritable};
+use azalea_buf::{BufReadError, McBuf, McBufReadable, McBufWritable};
 use std::io::{Read, Write};
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ pub struct SlotData {
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for Slot {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         let present = bool::read_from(buf)?;
         if !present {
             return Ok(Slot::Empty);
diff --git a/azalea-entity/src/data.rs b/azalea-entity/src/data.rs
index c9083893..ff708653 100644
--- a/azalea-entity/src/data.rs
+++ b/azalea-entity/src/data.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use azalea_buf::McBufVarReadable;
+use azalea_buf::{BufReadError, McBufVarReadable};
 use azalea_buf::{McBuf, McBufReadable, McBufWritable};
 use azalea_chat::component::Component;
 use azalea_core::{BlockPos, Direction, Particle, Slot};
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ pub struct EntityDataItem {
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for EntityMetadata {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         let mut metadata = Vec::new();
         loop {
             let index = u8::read_from(buf)?;
@@ -70,8 +70,8 @@ pub enum EntityDataValue {
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for EntityDataValue {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
-        let data_type = i32::var_read_from(buf)?;
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
+        let data_type = u32::var_read_from(buf)?;
         Ok(match data_type {
             0 => EntityDataValue::Byte(u8::read_from(buf)?),
             1 => EntityDataValue::Int(i32::var_read_from(buf)?),
@@ -110,7 +110,11 @@ impl McBufReadable for EntityDataValue {
                 }
             }),
             18 => EntityDataValue::Pose(Pose::read_from(buf)?),
-            _ => return Err(format!("Unknown entity data type: {}", data_type)),
+            _ => {
+                return Err(BufReadError::UnexpectedEnumVariant {
+                    id: data_type as i32,
+                })
+            }
         })
     }
 }
diff --git a/azalea-nbt/src/decode.rs b/azalea-nbt/src/decode.rs
index 5f0e8fd2..12c13448 100755
--- a/azalea-nbt/src/decode.rs
+++ b/azalea-nbt/src/decode.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 use crate::Error;
 use crate::Tag;
+use azalea_buf::BufReadError;
 use azalea_buf::McBufReadable;
 use byteorder::{ReadBytesExt, BE};
 use flate2::read::{GzDecoder, ZlibDecoder};
@@ -139,7 +140,7 @@ impl Tag {
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for Tag {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         match Tag::read(buf) {
             Ok(r) => Ok(r),
             // Err(e) => Err(e.to_string()),
diff --git a/azalea-protocol/Cargo.toml b/azalea-protocol/Cargo.toml
index 17884a51..bd475676 100755
--- a/azalea-protocol/Cargo.toml
+++ b/azalea-protocol/Cargo.toml
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ flate2 = "1.0.23"
 packet-macros = {path = "./packet-macros"}
 serde = {version = "1.0.130", features = ["serde_derive"]}
 serde_json = "^1.0.72"
-thiserror = "^1.0.30"
+thiserror = "^1.0.32"
 tokio = {version = "^1.19.2", features = ["io-util", "net", "macros"]}
 tokio-util = "^0.6.9"
 trust-dns-resolver = "^0.20.3"
diff --git a/azalea-protocol/packet-macros/src/lib.rs b/azalea-protocol/packet-macros/src/lib.rs
index ea4db210..f96a85c7 100755..100644
--- a/azalea-protocol/packet-macros/src/lib.rs
+++ b/azalea-protocol/packet-macros/src/lib.rs
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ fn as_packet_derive(input: TokenStream, state: proc_macro2::TokenStream) -> Toke
 
             pub fn read(
                 buf: &mut impl std::io::Read,
-            ) -> Result<#state, String> {
+            ) -> Result<#state, azalea_buf::BufReadError> {
                 use azalea_buf::McBufReadable;
                 Ok(Self::read_from(buf)?.get())
             }
@@ -206,6 +206,7 @@ pub fn declare_state_packets(input: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
     let mut clientbound_read_match_contents = quote!();
 
     for PacketIdPair { id, module, name } in input.serverbound.packets {
+        let name_litstr = syn::LitStr::new(&name.to_string(), name.span());
         serverbound_enum_contents.extend(quote! {
             #name(#module::#name),
         });
@@ -216,11 +217,19 @@ pub fn declare_state_packets(input: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
             #serverbound_state_name::#name(packet) => packet.write(buf),
         });
         serverbound_read_match_contents.extend(quote! {
-            #id => #module::#name::read(buf)?,
+            #id => {
+                let data = #module::#name::read(buf).map_err(|e| crate::read::ReadPacketError::Parse { source: e, packet_id: #id, packet_name: #name_litstr.to_string() })?;
+                let mut leftover = Vec::new();
+                let _ = buf.read_to_end(&mut leftover);
+                if !leftover.is_empty() {
+                    return Err(crate::read::ReadPacketError::LeftoverData { packet_name: #name_litstr.to_string(), data: leftover });
+                }
+                data
+            },
         });
     }
     for PacketIdPair { id, module, name } in input.clientbound.packets {
-        // let name_litstr = syn::LitStr::new(&name.to_string(), name.span());
+        let name_litstr = syn::LitStr::new(&name.to_string(), name.span());
         clientbound_enum_contents.extend(quote! {
             #name(#module::#name),
         });
@@ -231,7 +240,15 @@ pub fn declare_state_packets(input: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
             #clientbound_state_name::#name(packet) => packet.write(buf),
         });
         clientbound_read_match_contents.extend(quote! {
-            #id => #module::#name::read(buf)?,
+            #id => {
+                let data = #module::#name::read(buf).map_err(|e| crate::read::ReadPacketError::Parse { source: e, packet_id: #id, packet_name: #name_litstr.to_string() })?;
+                let mut leftover = Vec::new();
+                let _ = buf.read_to_end(&mut leftover);
+                if !leftover.is_empty() {
+                    return Err(crate::read::ReadPacketError::LeftoverData { packet_name: #name_litstr.to_string(), data: leftover });
+                }
+                data
+            },
         });
     }
 
@@ -288,13 +305,13 @@ pub fn declare_state_packets(input: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
             fn read(
                 id: u32,
                 buf: &mut impl std::io::Read,
-            ) -> Result<#serverbound_state_name, String>
+            ) -> Result<#serverbound_state_name, crate::read::ReadPacketError>
             where
                 Self: Sized,
             {
                 Ok(match id {
                     #serverbound_read_match_contents
-                    _ => return Err(format!("Unknown Serverbound {} packet id: {}", #state_name_litstr, id)),
+                    _ => return Err(crate::read::ReadPacketError::UnknownPacketId { state_name: #state_name_litstr.to_string(), id }),
                 })
             }
         }
@@ -319,13 +336,13 @@ pub fn declare_state_packets(input: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
             fn read(
                 id: u32,
                 buf: &mut impl std::io::Read,
-            ) -> Result<#clientbound_state_name, String>
+            ) -> Result<#clientbound_state_name, crate::read::ReadPacketError>
             where
                 Self: Sized,
             {
                 Ok(match id {
                     #clientbound_read_match_contents
-                    _ => return Err(format!("Unknown Clientbound {} packet id: {}", #state_name_litstr, id)),
+                    _ => return Err(crate::read::ReadPacketError::UnknownPacketId { state_name: #state_name_litstr.to_string(), id }),
                 })
             }
         }
diff --git a/azalea-protocol/src/connect.rs b/azalea-protocol/src/connect.rs
index cd51f86c..e29ba1df 100755
--- a/azalea-protocol/src/connect.rs
+++ b/azalea-protocol/src/connect.rs
@@ -5,12 +5,13 @@ use crate::packets::handshake::{ClientboundHandshakePacket, ServerboundHandshake
 use crate::packets::login::{ClientboundLoginPacket, ServerboundLoginPacket};
 use crate::packets::status::{ClientboundStatusPacket, ServerboundStatusPacket};
 use crate::packets::ProtocolPacket;
-use crate::read::read_packet;
+use crate::read::{read_packet, ReadPacketError};
 use crate::write::write_packet;
 use crate::ServerIpAddress;
 use azalea_crypto::{Aes128CfbDec, Aes128CfbEnc};
 use std::fmt::Debug;
 use std::marker::PhantomData;
+use thiserror::Error;
 use tokio::net::TcpStream;
 
 pub struct Connection<R: ProtocolPacket, W: ProtocolPacket> {
@@ -28,7 +29,7 @@ where
     R: ProtocolPacket + Debug,
     W: ProtocolPacket + Debug,
 {
-    pub async fn read(&mut self) -> Result<R, String> {
+    pub async fn read(&mut self) -> Result<R, ReadPacketError> {
         read_packet::<R, _>(
             &mut self.stream,
             self.compression_threshold,
@@ -38,30 +39,32 @@ where
     }
 
     /// Write a packet to the server
-    pub async fn write(&mut self, packet: W) {
+    pub async fn write(&mut self, packet: W) -> std::io::Result<()> {
         write_packet(
             packet,
             &mut self.stream,
             self.compression_threshold,
             &mut self.enc_cipher,
         )
-        .await;
+        .await
     }
 }
 
+#[derive(Error, Debug)]
+pub enum ConnectionError {
+    #[error("{0}")]
+    Io(#[from] std::io::Error),
+}
+
 impl Connection<ClientboundHandshakePacket, ServerboundHandshakePacket> {
-    pub async fn new(address: &ServerIpAddress) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    pub async fn new(address: &ServerIpAddress) -> Result<Self, ConnectionError> {
         let ip = address.ip;
         let port = address.port;
 
-        let stream = TcpStream::connect(format!("{}:{}", ip, port))
-            .await
-            .map_err(|_| "Failed to connect to server")?;
+        let stream = TcpStream::connect(format!("{}:{}", ip, port)).await?;
 
         // enable tcp_nodelay
-        stream
-            .set_nodelay(true)
-            .expect("Error enabling tcp_nodelay");
+        stream.set_nodelay(true)?;
 
         Ok(Connection {
             stream,
diff --git a/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_declare_commands_packet.rs b/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_declare_commands_packet.rs
index f45946d5..622b9ec7 100755
--- a/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_declare_commands_packet.rs
+++ b/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_declare_commands_packet.rs
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+use azalea_buf::BufReadError;
 use azalea_buf::McBuf;
 use azalea_buf::McBufVarReadable;
 use azalea_buf::{McBufReadable, McBufWritable, Readable, Writable};
@@ -24,7 +25,7 @@ pub struct BrigadierNumber<T> {
     max: Option<T>,
 }
 impl<T: McBufReadable> McBufReadable for BrigadierNumber<T> {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         let flags = buf.read_byte()?;
         let min = if flags & 0x01 != 0 {
             Some(T::read_from(buf)?)
@@ -123,7 +124,7 @@ pub enum BrigadierParser {
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for BrigadierParser {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         let parser_type = u32::var_read_from(buf)?;
 
         match parser_type {
@@ -190,14 +191,16 @@ impl McBufReadable for BrigadierParser {
             45 => Ok(BrigadierParser::TemplateMirror),
             46 => Ok(BrigadierParser::TemplateRotation),
             47 => Ok(BrigadierParser::Uuid),
-            _ => Err(format!("Unknown BrigadierParser type: {}", parser_type)),
+            _ => Err(BufReadError::UnexpectedEnumVariant {
+                id: parser_type as i32,
+            }),
         }
     }
 }
 
 // TODO: BrigadierNodeStub should have more stuff
 impl McBufReadable for BrigadierNodeStub {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         let flags = u8::read_from(buf)?;
         if flags > 31 {
             println!(
diff --git a/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_level_particles_packet.rs b/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_level_particles_packet.rs
index 8b52b8cf..d85f39cb 100644
--- a/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_level_particles_packet.rs
+++ b/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_level_particles_packet.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use azalea_buf::{McBufReadable, McBufVarReadable, McBufWritable};
+use azalea_buf::{BufReadError, McBufReadable, McBufVarReadable, McBufWritable};
 use azalea_core::ParticleData;
 use packet_macros::ClientboundGamePacket;
 use std::io::{Read, Write};
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ pub struct ClientboundLevelParticlesPacket {
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for ClientboundLevelParticlesPacket {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         let particle_id = u32::var_read_from(buf)?;
         let override_limiter = bool::read_from(buf)?;
         let x = f64::read_from(buf)?;
diff --git a/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_player_abilities_packet.rs b/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_player_abilities_packet.rs
index 9a312276..5ab187ae 100755
--- a/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_player_abilities_packet.rs
+++ b/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_player_abilities_packet.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use azalea_buf::McBuf;
+use azalea_buf::{BufReadError, McBuf};
 use azalea_buf::{McBufReadable, McBufWritable, Readable};
 use packet_macros::ClientboundGamePacket;
 use std::io::{Read, Write};
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ pub struct PlayerAbilitiesFlags {
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for PlayerAbilitiesFlags {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         let byte = buf.read_byte()?;
         Ok(PlayerAbilitiesFlags {
             invulnerable: byte & 1 != 0,
diff --git a/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_player_chat_packet.rs b/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_player_chat_packet.rs
index a2caae4b..7414e10c 100644
--- a/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_player_chat_packet.rs
+++ b/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_player_chat_packet.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use azalea_buf::{BitSet, McBuf, McBufReadable, McBufVarWritable};
+use azalea_buf::{BitSet, BufReadError, McBuf, McBufReadable, McBufVarWritable};
 use azalea_buf::{McBufVarReadable, McBufWritable};
 use azalea_chat::component::Component;
 use azalea_crypto::{MessageSignature, SignedMessageHeader};
@@ -74,13 +74,15 @@ pub enum FilterMask {
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for FilterMask {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         let filter_mask = u32::var_read_from(buf)?;
         match filter_mask {
             0 => Ok(FilterMask::PassThrough),
             1 => Ok(FilterMask::FullyFiltered),
             2 => Ok(FilterMask::PartiallyFiltered(BitSet::read_from(buf)?)),
-            _ => Err("Invalid filter mask".to_string()),
+            _ => Err(BufReadError::UnexpectedEnumVariant {
+                id: filter_mask as i32,
+            }),
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_player_info_packet.rs b/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_player_info_packet.rs
index 614a351e..d53774b7 100644
--- a/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_player_info_packet.rs
+++ b/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_player_info_packet.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use azalea_buf::McBuf;
+use azalea_buf::{BufReadError, McBuf};
 use azalea_buf::{McBufReadable, McBufWritable, Readable, Writable};
 use azalea_chat::component::Component;
 use packet_macros::ClientboundGamePacket;
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ pub struct RemovePlayer {
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for Action {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         let id = buf.read_byte()?;
         Ok(match id {
             0 => Action::AddPlayer(Vec::<AddPlayer>::read_from(buf)?),
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ impl McBufReadable for Action {
             2 => Action::UpdateLatency(Vec::<UpdateLatency>::read_from(buf)?),
             3 => Action::UpdateDisplayName(Vec::<UpdateDisplayName>::read_from(buf)?),
             4 => Action::RemovePlayer(Vec::<RemovePlayer>::read_from(buf)?),
-            _ => panic!("Unknown player info action id: {}", id),
+            _ => return Err(BufReadError::UnexpectedEnumVariant { id: id.into() }),
         })
     }
 }
diff --git a/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_player_position_packet.rs b/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_player_position_packet.rs
index 758e6bb0..d4c9dcb5 100644
--- a/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_player_position_packet.rs
+++ b/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_player_position_packet.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use azalea_buf::McBuf;
+use azalea_buf::{BufReadError, McBuf};
 use azalea_buf::{McBufReadable, McBufWritable, Readable};
 use packet_macros::ClientboundGamePacket;
 use std::io::{Read, Write};
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ pub struct RelativeArguments {
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for RelativeArguments {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         let byte = buf.read_byte()?;
         Ok(RelativeArguments {
             x: byte & 0b1 != 0,
diff --git a/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_recipe_packet.rs b/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_recipe_packet.rs
index e6a5bf7f..05e96f69 100644
--- a/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_recipe_packet.rs
+++ b/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_recipe_packet.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use azalea_buf::McBuf;
+use azalea_buf::{BufReadError, McBuf};
 use azalea_buf::{McBufReadable, McBufWritable, Readable, Writable};
 use azalea_core::ResourceLocation;
 use packet_macros::ClientboundGamePacket;
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ impl McBufWritable for State {
     }
 }
 impl McBufReadable for State {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         let state = buf.read_varint()?;
         Ok(match state {
             0 => State::Init,
diff --git a/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_section_blocks_update_packet.rs b/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_section_blocks_update_packet.rs
index 0a83edf0..5dee398e 100644
--- a/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_section_blocks_update_packet.rs
+++ b/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_section_blocks_update_packet.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use azalea_buf::McBuf;
+use azalea_buf::{BufReadError, McBuf};
 use azalea_buf::{McBufReadable, McBufVarReadable, McBufVarWritable, McBufWritable};
 use azalea_core::{ChunkSectionBlockPos, ChunkSectionPos};
 use packet_macros::ClientboundGamePacket;
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ pub struct BlockStateWithPosition {
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for BlockStateWithPosition {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         let data = u64::var_read_from(buf)?;
         let position_part = data & 4095;
         let state = (data >> 12) as u32;
diff --git a/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_set_equipment_packet.rs b/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_set_equipment_packet.rs
index 102e90e1..35f0d251 100644
--- a/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_set_equipment_packet.rs
+++ b/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_set_equipment_packet.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use azalea_buf::McBuf;
+use azalea_buf::{BufReadError, McBuf};
 use azalea_core::Slot;
 use packet_macros::ClientboundGamePacket;
 
@@ -17,13 +17,17 @@ pub struct EquipmentSlots {
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for EquipmentSlots {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl std::io::Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl std::io::Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         let mut slots = vec![];
 
         loop {
             let equipment_byte = u8::read_from(buf)?;
-            let equipment_slot = EquipmentSlot::from_byte(equipment_byte & 127)
-                .ok_or_else(|| format!("Invalid equipment slot byte {}", equipment_byte))?;
+            let equipment_slot =
+                EquipmentSlot::from_byte(equipment_byte & 127).ok_or_else(|| {
+                    BufReadError::UnexpectedEnumVariant {
+                        id: equipment_byte.into(),
+                    }
+                })?;
             let item = Slot::read_from(buf)?;
             slots.push((equipment_slot, item));
             if equipment_byte & 128 == 0 {
diff --git a/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_update_advancements_packet.rs b/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_update_advancements_packet.rs
index 396c0fa4..88cb15e9 100644
--- a/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_update_advancements_packet.rs
+++ b/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_update_advancements_packet.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use azalea_buf::{McBuf, McBufReadable, McBufWritable};
+use azalea_buf::{BufReadError, McBuf, McBufReadable, McBufWritable};
 use azalea_chat::component::Component;
 use azalea_core::{ResourceLocation, Slot};
 use packet_macros::ClientboundGamePacket;
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ pub struct DisplayFlags {
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for DisplayFlags {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         let data = u32::read_from(buf)?;
         Ok(DisplayFlags {
             background: (data & 0b1) != 0,
diff --git a/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_update_attributes_packet.rs b/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_update_attributes_packet.rs
index b8785a66..6bb41a81 100644
--- a/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_update_attributes_packet.rs
+++ b/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_update_attributes_packet.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use azalea_buf::McBuf;
+use azalea_buf::{BufReadError, McBuf};
 use azalea_buf::{McBufReadable, McBufWritable, Readable, Writable};
 use azalea_core::ResourceLocation;
 use packet_macros::ClientboundGamePacket;
@@ -34,12 +34,12 @@ enum Operation {
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for Operation {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         match buf.read_byte()? {
             0 => Ok(Operation::Addition),
             1 => Ok(Operation::MultiplyBase),
             2 => Ok(Operation::MultiplyTotal),
-            op => Err(format!("Unknown operation: {}", op)),
+            id => Err(BufReadError::UnexpectedEnumVariant { id: id.into() }),
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_update_recipes_packet.rs b/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_update_recipes_packet.rs
index 7a96629b..da1485d0 100644
--- a/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_update_recipes_packet.rs
+++ b/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_update_recipes_packet.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use std::io::{Read, Write};
 
-use azalea_buf::McBuf;
+use azalea_buf::{BufReadError, McBuf};
 use azalea_core::{ResourceLocation, Slot};
 use packet_macros::ClientboundGamePacket;
 
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ impl McBufWritable for ShapedRecipe {
     }
 }
 impl McBufReadable for ShapedRecipe {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         let width = buf.read_varint()?.try_into().unwrap();
         let height = buf.read_varint()?.try_into().unwrap();
         let group = buf.read_utf()?;
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ impl McBufWritable for Recipe {
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for Recipe {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         let recipe_type = ResourceLocation::read_from(buf)?;
         let identifier = ResourceLocation::read_from(buf)?;
 
diff --git a/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_update_tags_packet.rs b/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_update_tags_packet.rs
index 6d567cfa..6f0fe778 100755
--- a/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_update_tags_packet.rs
+++ b/azalea-protocol/src/packets/game/clientbound_update_tags_packet.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use azalea_buf::McBuf;
+use azalea_buf::{BufReadError, McBuf};
 use azalea_buf::{McBufReadable, McBufWritable, Readable, Writable};
 use azalea_core::ResourceLocation;
 use packet_macros::ClientboundGamePacket;
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ pub struct Tags {
 pub struct TagMap(HashMap<ResourceLocation, Vec<Tags>>);
 
 impl McBufReadable for TagMap {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         let length = buf.read_varint()? as usize;
         let mut data = HashMap::with_capacity(length);
         for _ in 0..length {
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ impl McBufWritable for TagMap {
     }
 }
 impl McBufReadable for Tags {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         let name = ResourceLocation::read_from(buf)?;
         let elements = buf.read_int_id_list()?;
         Ok(Tags { name, elements })
diff --git a/azalea-protocol/src/packets/login/clientbound_game_profile_packet.rs b/azalea-protocol/src/packets/login/clientbound_game_profile_packet.rs
index 9d9ce35b..93421cc2 100755
--- a/azalea-protocol/src/packets/login/clientbound_game_profile_packet.rs
+++ b/azalea-protocol/src/packets/login/clientbound_game_profile_packet.rs
@@ -2,34 +2,11 @@ use std::io::{Read, Write};
 
 use super::ClientboundLoginPacket;
 use azalea_auth::game_profile::GameProfile;
-use azalea_buf::{McBufReadable, Readable, SerializableUuid, Writable};
+use azalea_buf::{BufReadError, McBuf, McBufReadable, Readable, SerializableUuid, Writable};
+use packet_macros::ClientboundLoginPacket;
 use uuid::Uuid;
 
-#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, McBuf, ClientboundLoginPacket)]
 pub struct ClientboundGameProfilePacket {
     pub game_profile: GameProfile,
 }
-
-// TODO: add derives to GameProfile and have an impl McBufReadable/Writable for GameProfile
-impl ClientboundGameProfilePacket {
-    pub fn get(self) -> ClientboundLoginPacket {
-        ClientboundLoginPacket::ClientboundGameProfilePacket(self)
-    }
-
-    pub fn write(&self, buf: &mut impl Write) -> Result<(), std::io::Error> {
-        for n in self.game_profile.uuid.to_int_array() {
-            buf.write_int(n as i32).unwrap();
-        }
-        buf.write_utf(self.game_profile.name.as_str()).unwrap();
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    pub fn read(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<ClientboundLoginPacket, String> {
-        let uuid = Uuid::read_from(buf)?;
-        let name = buf.read_utf_with_len(16)?;
-        Ok(ClientboundGameProfilePacket {
-            game_profile: GameProfile::new(uuid, name),
-        }
-        .get())
-    }
-}
diff --git a/azalea-protocol/src/packets/login/clientbound_login_compression_packet.rs b/azalea-protocol/src/packets/login/clientbound_login_compression_packet.rs
index 39314041..26321f34 100755
--- a/azalea-protocol/src/packets/login/clientbound_login_compression_packet.rs
+++ b/azalea-protocol/src/packets/login/clientbound_login_compression_packet.rs
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ use std::{
     io::{Read, Write},
 };
 
-use azalea_buf::{Readable, Writable};
+use azalea_buf::{BufReadError, Readable, Writable};
 
 use super::ClientboundLoginPacket;
 
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ impl ClientboundLoginCompressionPacket {
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    pub fn read(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<ClientboundLoginPacket, String> {
+    pub fn read(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<ClientboundLoginPacket, BufReadError> {
         let compression_threshold = buf.read_varint()?;
 
         Ok(ClientboundLoginCompressionPacket {
diff --git a/azalea-protocol/src/packets/login/serverbound_key_packet.rs b/azalea-protocol/src/packets/login/serverbound_key_packet.rs
index 62dc6252..54f268e7 100644
--- a/azalea-protocol/src/packets/login/serverbound_key_packet.rs
+++ b/azalea-protocol/src/packets/login/serverbound_key_packet.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use azalea_buf::McBuf;
+use azalea_buf::{BufReadError, McBuf};
 use azalea_crypto::SaltSignaturePair;
 use packet_macros::ServerboundLoginPacket;
 use std::io::{Read, Write};
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ pub enum NonceOrSaltSignature {
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for NonceOrSaltSignature {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         let is_nonce = bool::read_from(buf)?;
         if is_nonce {
             Ok(NonceOrSaltSignature::Nonce(Vec::<u8>::read_from(buf)?))
diff --git a/azalea-protocol/src/packets/mod.rs b/azalea-protocol/src/packets/mod.rs
index 228d7c74..da1631a0 100644
--- a/azalea-protocol/src/packets/mod.rs
+++ b/azalea-protocol/src/packets/mod.rs
@@ -3,7 +3,8 @@ pub mod handshake;
 pub mod login;
 pub mod status;
 
-use azalea_buf::{McBufWritable, Readable, Writable};
+use crate::read::ReadPacketError;
+use azalea_buf::{BufReadError, McBufWritable, Readable, Writable};
 use std::io::{Read, Write};
 
 pub const PROTOCOL_VERSION: u32 = 760;
@@ -36,15 +37,15 @@ where
     fn id(&self) -> u32;
 
     /// Read a packet by its id, ConnectionProtocol, and flow
-    fn read(id: u32, buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String>;
+    fn read(id: u32, buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, ReadPacketError>;
 
     fn write(&self, buf: &mut impl Write) -> Result<(), std::io::Error>;
 }
 
 impl azalea_buf::McBufReadable for ConnectionProtocol {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
-        ConnectionProtocol::from_i32(buf.read_varint()?)
-            .ok_or_else(|| "Invalid intention".to_string())
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
+        let id = buf.read_varint()?;
+        ConnectionProtocol::from_i32(id).ok_or(BufReadError::UnexpectedEnumVariant { id })
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/azalea-protocol/src/packets/status/clientbound_status_response_packet.rs b/azalea-protocol/src/packets/status/clientbound_status_response_packet.rs
index 2e4116fa..8724816b 100755
--- a/azalea-protocol/src/packets/status/clientbound_status_response_packet.rs
+++ b/azalea-protocol/src/packets/status/clientbound_status_response_packet.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use super::ClientboundStatusPacket;
-use azalea_buf::Readable;
+use azalea_buf::{BufReadError, Readable};
 use azalea_chat::component::Component;
 use serde::Deserialize;
 use serde_json::Value;
@@ -42,14 +42,11 @@ impl ClientboundStatusResponsePacket {
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    pub fn read(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<ClientboundStatusPacket, String> {
+    pub fn read(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<ClientboundStatusPacket, BufReadError> {
         let status_string = buf.read_utf()?;
-        let status_json: Value =
-            serde_json::from_str(status_string.as_str()).expect("Server status isn't valid JSON");
+        let status_json: Value = serde_json::from_str(status_string.as_str())?;
 
-        let packet = ClientboundStatusResponsePacket::deserialize(status_json)
-            .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?
-            .get();
+        let packet = ClientboundStatusResponsePacket::deserialize(status_json)?.get();
 
         Ok(packet)
     }
diff --git a/azalea-protocol/src/read.rs b/azalea-protocol/src/read.rs
index 6a56ccfb..077e1297 100755
--- a/azalea-protocol/src/read.rs
+++ b/azalea-protocol/src/read.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 use crate::packets::ProtocolPacket;
-use azalea_buf::{read_varint_async, Readable};
+use azalea_buf::McBufVarReadable;
+use azalea_buf::{read_varint_async, BufReadError, Readable};
 use azalea_crypto::Aes128CfbDec;
 use flate2::read::ZlibDecoder;
 use std::{
@@ -8,32 +9,67 @@ use std::{
     pin::Pin,
     task::{Context, Poll},
 };
+use thiserror::Error;
 use tokio::io::{AsyncRead, AsyncReadExt};
 
-async fn frame_splitter<R: ?Sized>(mut stream: &mut R) -> Result<Vec<u8>, String>
+#[derive(Error, Debug)]
+pub enum ReadPacketError {
+    #[error("Error reading packet {packet_name} ({packet_id}): {source}")]
+    Parse {
+        packet_id: u32,
+        packet_name: String,
+        source: BufReadError,
+    },
+    #[error("Unknown packet id {id} in state {state_name}")]
+    UnknownPacketId { state_name: String, id: u32 },
+    #[error("Couldn't read packet id")]
+    ReadPacketId { source: BufReadError },
+    #[error("Couldn't decompress packet")]
+    Decompress {
+        #[from]
+        source: DecompressionError,
+    },
+    #[error("Frame splitter error")]
+    FrameSplitter {
+        #[from]
+        source: FrameSplitterError,
+    },
+    #[error("Leftover data after reading packet {packet_name}: {data:?}")]
+    LeftoverData { data: Vec<u8>, packet_name: String },
+}
+
+#[derive(Error, Debug)]
+pub enum FrameSplitterError {
+    #[error("Couldn't read VarInt length for packet. The previous packet may have been corrupted")]
+    LengthRead {
+        #[from]
+        source: BufReadError,
+    },
+    #[error("Io error")]
+    Io {
+        #[from]
+        source: std::io::Error,
+    },
+}
+
+async fn frame_splitter<R: ?Sized>(mut stream: &mut R) -> Result<Vec<u8>, FrameSplitterError>
 where
     R: AsyncRead + std::marker::Unpin + std::marker::Send,
 {
     // Packet Length
-    let length_result = read_varint_async(&mut stream).await;
-    match length_result {
-        Ok(length) => {
-            let mut buf = vec![0; length as usize];
+    let length = read_varint_async(&mut stream).await?;
 
-            stream
-                .read_exact(&mut buf)
-                .await
-                .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+    let mut buf = vec![0; length as usize];
+    stream.read_exact(&mut buf).await?;
 
-            Ok(buf)
-        }
-        Err(_) => Err("length wider than 21-bit".to_string()),
-    }
+    Ok(buf)
 }
 
-fn packet_decoder<P: ProtocolPacket>(stream: &mut impl Read) -> Result<P, String> {
+fn packet_decoder<P: ProtocolPacket>(stream: &mut impl Read) -> Result<P, ReadPacketError> {
     // Packet ID
-    let packet_id = stream.read_varint()?;
+    let packet_id = stream
+        .read_varint()
+        .map_err(|e| ReadPacketError::ReadPacketId { source: e })?;
     P::read(packet_id.try_into().unwrap(), stream)
 }
 
@@ -42,39 +78,57 @@ static VALIDATE_DECOMPRESSED: bool = true;
 
 pub static MAXIMUM_UNCOMPRESSED_LENGTH: u32 = 2097152;
 
+#[derive(Error, Debug)]
+pub enum DecompressionError {
+    #[error("Couldn't read VarInt length for data")]
+    LengthReadError {
+        #[from]
+        source: BufReadError,
+    },
+    #[error("Io error")]
+    Io {
+        #[from]
+        source: std::io::Error,
+    },
+    #[error("Badly compressed packet - size of {size} is below server threshold of {threshold}")]
+    BelowCompressionThreshold { size: u32, threshold: u32 },
+    #[error(
+        "Badly compressed packet - size of {size} is larger than protocol maximum of {maximum}"
+    )]
+    AboveCompressionThreshold { size: u32, maximum: u32 },
+}
+
 fn compression_decoder(
     stream: &mut impl Read,
     compression_threshold: u32,
-) -> Result<Vec<u8>, String> {
+) -> Result<Vec<u8>, DecompressionError> {
     // Data Length
-    let n: u32 = stream.read_varint()?.try_into().unwrap();
+    let n = u32::var_read_from(stream)?;
     if n == 0 {
         // no data size, no compression
         let mut buf = vec![];
-        stream.read_to_end(&mut buf).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+        stream.read_to_end(&mut buf)?;
         return Ok(buf);
     }
 
     if VALIDATE_DECOMPRESSED {
         if n < compression_threshold {
-            return Err(format!(
-                "Badly compressed packet - size of {} is below server threshold of {}",
-                n, compression_threshold
-            ));
+            return Err(DecompressionError::BelowCompressionThreshold {
+                size: n,
+                threshold: compression_threshold,
+            });
         }
         if n > MAXIMUM_UNCOMPRESSED_LENGTH {
-            return Err(format!(
-                "Badly compressed packet - size of {} is larger than protocol maximum of {}",
-                n, MAXIMUM_UNCOMPRESSED_LENGTH
-            ));
+            return Err(DecompressionError::AboveCompressionThreshold {
+                size: n,
+                maximum: MAXIMUM_UNCOMPRESSED_LENGTH,
+            });
         }
     }
 
     let mut decoded_buf = vec![];
     let mut decoder = ZlibDecoder::new(stream);
-    decoder
-        .read_to_end(&mut decoded_buf)
-        .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+    decoder.read_to_end(&mut decoded_buf)?;
 
     Ok(decoded_buf)
 }
@@ -121,7 +175,7 @@ pub async fn read_packet<'a, P: ProtocolPacket, R>(
     stream: &'a mut R,
     compression_threshold: Option<u32>,
     cipher: &mut Option<Aes128CfbDec>,
-) -> Result<P, String>
+) -> Result<P, ReadPacketError>
 where
     R: AsyncRead + std::marker::Unpin + std::marker::Send + std::marker::Sync,
 {
@@ -149,5 +203,7 @@ where
     let packet = packet_decoder(&mut buf.as_slice())?;
     // println!("decoded packet ({}ms)", start_time.elapsed().as_millis());
 
+    if !buf.is_empty() {}
+
     Ok(packet)
 }
diff --git a/azalea-protocol/src/resolver.rs b/azalea-protocol/src/resolver.rs
index 24687a6e..e21362a5 100755
--- a/azalea-protocol/src/resolver.rs
+++ b/azalea-protocol/src/resolver.rs
@@ -1,16 +1,24 @@
-use std::net::IpAddr;
-
 use crate::{ServerAddress, ServerIpAddress};
 use async_recursion::async_recursion;
+use std::net::IpAddr;
+use thiserror::Error;
 use trust_dns_resolver::{
     config::{ResolverConfig, ResolverOpts},
     TokioAsyncResolver,
 };
 
+#[derive(Error, Debug)]
+pub enum ResolverError {
+    #[error("No SRV record found")]
+    NoSrvRecord,
+    #[error("No IP found")]
+    NoIp,
+}
+
 /// Resolve a Minecraft server address into an IP address and port.
 /// If it's already an IP address, it's returned as-is.
 #[async_recursion]
-pub async fn resolve_address(address: &ServerAddress) -> Result<ServerIpAddress, String> {
+pub async fn resolve_address(address: &ServerAddress) -> Result<ServerIpAddress, ResolverError> {
     // If the address.host is already in the format of an ip address, return it.
     if let Ok(ip) = address.host.parse::<IpAddr>() {
         return Ok(ServerIpAddress {
@@ -33,20 +41,20 @@ pub async fn resolve_address(address: &ServerAddress) -> Result<ServerIpAddress,
         let redirect_srv = redirect_result
             .iter()
             .next()
-            .ok_or_else(|| "No SRV record found".to_string())?;
+            .ok_or(ResolverError::NoSrvRecord)?;
         let redirect_address = ServerAddress {
             host: redirect_srv.target().to_utf8(),
             port: redirect_srv.port(),
         };
 
-        println!("redirecting to {:?}", redirect_address);
+        // println!("redirecting to {:?}", redirect_address);
 
         return resolve_address(&redirect_address).await;
     }
 
     // there's no redirect, try to resolve this as an ip address
     let lookup_ip_result = resolver.lookup_ip(address.host.clone()).await;
-    let lookup_ip = lookup_ip_result.map_err(|_| "No IP found".to_string())?;
+    let lookup_ip = lookup_ip_result.map_err(|_| ResolverError::NoIp)?;
 
     Ok(ServerIpAddress {
         ip: lookup_ip.iter().next().unwrap(),
diff --git a/azalea-protocol/src/write.rs b/azalea-protocol/src/write.rs
index ae9a6829..30710f8b 100755
--- a/azalea-protocol/src/write.rs
+++ b/azalea-protocol/src/write.rs
@@ -3,49 +3,67 @@ use async_compression::tokio::bufread::ZlibEncoder;
 use azalea_buf::Writable;
 use azalea_crypto::Aes128CfbEnc;
 use std::fmt::Debug;
+use thiserror::Error;
 use tokio::io::{AsyncReadExt, AsyncWrite, AsyncWriteExt};
 
-fn frame_prepender(data: &mut Vec<u8>) -> Result<Vec<u8>, String> {
+fn frame_prepender(data: &mut Vec<u8>) -> Result<Vec<u8>, std::io::Error> {
     let mut buf = Vec::new();
-    buf.write_varint(data.len() as i32)
-        .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+    buf.write_varint(data.len() as i32)?;
     buf.append(data);
     Ok(buf)
 }
 
-fn packet_encoder<P: ProtocolPacket + std::fmt::Debug>(packet: &P) -> Result<Vec<u8>, String> {
+#[derive(Error, Debug)]
+pub enum PacketEncodeError {
+    #[error("{0}")]
+    Io(#[from] std::io::Error),
+    #[error("Packet too big (is {actual} bytes, should be less than {maximum}): {packet_string}")]
+    TooBig {
+        actual: usize,
+        maximum: usize,
+        packet_string: String,
+    },
+}
+
+fn packet_encoder<P: ProtocolPacket + std::fmt::Debug>(
+    packet: &P,
+) -> Result<Vec<u8>, PacketEncodeError> {
     let mut buf = Vec::new();
-    buf.write_varint(packet.id() as i32)
-        .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
-    packet.write(&mut buf).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+    buf.write_varint(packet.id() as i32)?;
+    packet.write(&mut buf)?;
     if buf.len() > MAXIMUM_UNCOMPRESSED_LENGTH as usize {
-        return Err(format!(
-            "Packet too big (is {} bytes, should be less than {}): {:?}",
-            buf.len(),
-            MAXIMUM_UNCOMPRESSED_LENGTH,
-            packet
-        ));
+        return Err(PacketEncodeError::TooBig {
+            actual: buf.len(),
+            maximum: MAXIMUM_UNCOMPRESSED_LENGTH as usize,
+            packet_string: format!("{:?}", packet),
+        });
     }
     Ok(buf)
 }
 
-async fn compression_encoder(data: &[u8], compression_threshold: u32) -> Result<Vec<u8>, String> {
+#[derive(Error, Debug)]
+pub enum PacketCompressError {
+    #[error("{0}")]
+    Io(#[from] std::io::Error),
+}
+
+async fn compression_encoder(
+    data: &[u8],
+    compression_threshold: u32,
+) -> Result<Vec<u8>, PacketCompressError> {
     let n = data.len();
     // if it's less than the compression threshold, don't compress
     if n < compression_threshold as usize {
         let mut buf = Vec::new();
-        buf.write_varint(0).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
-        buf.write_all(data).await.map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+        buf.write_varint(0)?;
+        buf.write_all(data).await?;
         Ok(buf)
     } else {
         // otherwise, compress
         let mut deflater = ZlibEncoder::new(data);
         // write deflated data to buf
         let mut buf = Vec::new();
-        deflater
-            .read_to_end(&mut buf)
-            .await
-            .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+        deflater.read_to_end(&mut buf).await?;
         Ok(buf)
     }
 }
@@ -55,7 +73,8 @@ pub async fn write_packet<P, W>(
     stream: &mut W,
     compression_threshold: Option<u32>,
     cipher: &mut Option<Aes128CfbEnc>,
-) where
+) -> std::io::Result<()>
+where
     P: ProtocolPacket + Debug,
     W: AsyncWrite + Unpin + Send,
 {
@@ -68,5 +87,5 @@ pub async fn write_packet<P, W>(
     if let Some(cipher) = cipher {
         azalea_crypto::encrypt_packet(cipher, &mut buf);
     }
-    stream.write_all(&buf).await.unwrap();
+    stream.write_all(&buf).await
 }
diff --git a/azalea-world/Cargo.toml b/azalea-world/Cargo.toml
index ca890d82..dca0d362 100644
--- a/azalea-world/Cargo.toml
+++ b/azalea-world/Cargo.toml
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ azalea-entity = {path = "../azalea-entity"}
 azalea-nbt = {path = "../azalea-nbt"}
 log = "0.4.17"
 nohash-hasher = "0.2.0"
+thiserror = "1.0.32"
 uuid = "1.1.2"
 
 [profile.release]
diff --git a/azalea-world/src/chunk.rs b/azalea-world/src/chunk.rs
index e4893ace..9d393c2d 100644
--- a/azalea-world/src/chunk.rs
+++ b/azalea-world/src/chunk.rs
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ use crate::palette::PalettedContainer;
 use crate::palette::PalettedContainerType;
 use crate::Dimension;
 use azalea_block::BlockState;
+use azalea_buf::BufReadError;
 use azalea_buf::{McBufReadable, McBufWritable};
 use azalea_core::{BlockPos, ChunkBlockPos, ChunkPos, ChunkSectionBlockPos};
 use std::fmt::Debug;
@@ -69,7 +70,7 @@ impl ChunkStorage {
         &mut self,
         pos: &ChunkPos,
         data: &mut impl Read,
-    ) -> Result<(), String> {
+    ) -> Result<(), BufReadError> {
         if !self.in_range(pos) {
             println!(
                 "Ignoring chunk since it's not in the view range: {}, {}",
@@ -109,14 +110,17 @@ pub struct Chunk {
 }
 
 impl Chunk {
-    pub fn read_with_dimension(buf: &mut impl Read, data: &Dimension) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    pub fn read_with_dimension(
+        buf: &mut impl Read,
+        data: &Dimension,
+    ) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         Self::read_with_dimension_height(buf, data.height())
     }
 
     pub fn read_with_dimension_height(
         buf: &mut impl Read,
         dimension_height: u32,
-    ) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    ) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         let section_count = dimension_height / SECTION_HEIGHT;
         let mut sections = Vec::with_capacity(section_count as usize);
         for _ in 0..section_count {
@@ -174,7 +178,7 @@ pub struct Section {
 }
 
 impl McBufReadable for Section {
-    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    fn read_from(buf: &mut impl Read) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         let block_count = u16::read_from(buf)?;
 
         // this is commented out because the vanilla server is wrong
@@ -187,11 +191,11 @@ impl McBufReadable for Section {
 
         for i in 0..states.storage.size() {
             if !BlockState::is_valid_state(states.storage.get(i) as u32) {
-                return Err(format!(
+                return Err(BufReadError::Custom(format!(
                     "Invalid block state {} (index {}) found in section.",
                     states.storage.get(i),
                     i
-                ));
+                )));
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/azalea-world/src/lib.rs b/azalea-world/src/lib.rs
index 7822dcc4..646ba1d9 100644
--- a/azalea-world/src/lib.rs
+++ b/azalea-world/src/lib.rs
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ mod entity;
 mod palette;
 
 use azalea_block::BlockState;
+use azalea_buf::BufReadError;
 use azalea_core::{BlockPos, ChunkPos, EntityPos, PositionDelta8};
 use azalea_entity::Entity;
 pub use bit_storage::BitStorage;
@@ -16,6 +17,7 @@ use std::{
     ops::{Index, IndexMut},
     sync::{Arc, Mutex},
 };
+use thiserror::Error;
 use uuid::Uuid;
 
 #[cfg(test)]
@@ -34,6 +36,12 @@ pub struct Dimension {
     entity_storage: EntityStorage,
 }
 
+#[derive(Error, Debug)]
+pub enum MoveEntityError {
+    #[error("Entity doesn't exist")]
+    EntityDoesNotExist,
+}
+
 impl Dimension {
     pub fn new(chunk_radius: u32, height: u32, min_y: i32) -> Self {
         Dimension {
@@ -46,7 +54,7 @@ impl Dimension {
         &mut self,
         pos: &ChunkPos,
         data: &mut impl Read,
-    ) -> Result<(), String> {
+    ) -> Result<(), BufReadError> {
         self.chunk_storage.replace_with_packet_data(pos, data)
     }
 
@@ -58,11 +66,15 @@ impl Dimension {
         self.chunk_storage.get_block_state(pos, self.min_y())
     }
 
-    pub fn move_entity(&mut self, entity_id: u32, new_pos: EntityPos) -> Result<(), String> {
+    pub fn move_entity(
+        &mut self,
+        entity_id: u32,
+        new_pos: EntityPos,
+    ) -> Result<(), MoveEntityError> {
         let entity = self
             .entity_storage
             .get_mut_by_id(entity_id)
-            .ok_or_else(|| "Moving entity that doesn't exist".to_string())?;
+            .ok_or(MoveEntityError::EntityDoesNotExist)?;
 
         let old_chunk = ChunkPos::from(entity.pos());
         let new_chunk = ChunkPos::from(&new_pos);
@@ -79,11 +91,11 @@ impl Dimension {
         &mut self,
         entity_id: u32,
         delta: &PositionDelta8,
-    ) -> Result<(), String> {
+    ) -> Result<(), MoveEntityError> {
         let entity = self
             .entity_storage
             .get_mut_by_id(entity_id)
-            .ok_or_else(|| "Moving entity that doesn't exist".to_string())?;
+            .ok_or(MoveEntityError::EntityDoesNotExist)?;
         let new_pos = entity.pos().with_delta(delta);
 
         let old_chunk = ChunkPos::from(entity.pos());
diff --git a/azalea-world/src/palette.rs b/azalea-world/src/palette.rs
index 1b40f257..2473a7e5 100644
--- a/azalea-world/src/palette.rs
+++ b/azalea-world/src/palette.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
-use azalea_buf::{McBufReadable, McBufVarReadable, McBufWritable, Readable, Writable};
+use azalea_buf::{
+    BufReadError, McBufReadable, McBufVarReadable, McBufWritable, Readable, Writable,
+};
 use std::io::{Read, Write};
 
 use crate::BitStorage;
@@ -22,7 +24,7 @@ impl PalettedContainer {
     pub fn read_with_type(
         buf: &mut impl Read,
         type_: &'static PalettedContainerType,
-    ) -> Result<Self, String> {
+    ) -> Result<Self, BufReadError> {
         let bits_per_entry = buf.read_byte()?;
         let palette = match type_ {
             PalettedContainerType::BlockStates => {
@@ -90,7 +92,7 @@ impl Palette {
     pub fn block_states_read_with_bits_per_entry(
         buf: &mut impl Read,
         bits_per_entry: u8,
-    ) -> Result<Palette, String> {
+    ) -> Result<Palette, BufReadError> {
         Ok(match bits_per_entry {
             0 => Palette::SingleValue(u32::var_read_from(buf)?),
             1..=4 => Palette::Linear(Vec::<u32>::var_read_from(buf)?),
@@ -102,7 +104,7 @@ impl Palette {
     pub fn biomes_read_with_bits_per_entry(
         buf: &mut impl Read,
         bits_per_entry: u8,
-    ) -> Result<Palette, String> {
+    ) -> Result<Palette, BufReadError> {
         Ok(match bits_per_entry {
             0 => Palette::SingleValue(u32::var_read_from(buf)?),
             1..=3 => Palette::Linear(Vec::<u32>::var_read_from(buf)?),