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diff --git a/doc/extensions.md b/doc/extensions.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..14ec71b --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/extensions.md @@ -0,0 +1,62 @@ +# Extensions + +In addition to C11, several [GNU extensions] are implemented and more +may be implemented in the future. + +## Implemented + +### [`__typeof__`] + +`__typeof__(E)` is a type specifier for the type of expression `E`. Arrays +and function designator expressions do not decay into pointers, just +like when used with `sizeof`. + +### Built-in functions and types + +- **`__builtin_alloca`**: Allocate memory on the stack. +- **`__builtin_constant_p`**: Test whether the argument is a constant expression. +- **`__builtin_inff`**: `float` positive infinity value. +- **`__builtin_nanf`**: `float` quiet NaN value. +- **[`__builtin_offsetof`]**: Return the offset of a member in a struct or union. +- **`__builtin_types_compatible_p`**: Test whether the two types are compatible. +- **`__builtin_va_arg`**: Built-in suitable for implementing the `va_arg` macro. +- **`__builtin_va_copy`**: Built-in suitible for implementing the `va_copy` macro. +- **`__builtin_va_end`**: Built-in suitible for implementing the `va_end` macro. +- **`__builtin_va_list`**: Built-in suitable for implementing the `va_list` type. +- **`__builtin_va_start`**: Built-in suitable for implementing the `va_start` macro. + +## Missing + +### [Statement expressions] + +In GNU C, you may use a compound statement as expressions when they are +enclosed in parentheses. The last statement in the compound statement +must be an expression statement, whose value is used as the result of +the statement expression. + +### Empty declarations + +GNU C allows empty top-level declarations (i.e. `;`). + +### Empty initializer list + +GNU C allows empty initializer lists when initializing an object, +for example + +```c +struct { + int a, b; +} s = {}; +``` + +This behaves exactly the same as `{0}`. + +### Missing operand in conditional expression + +GNU C allows you to omit the second operand in conditional expressions, +in which case the first operand is used. So `E1 ? : E2` behaves the same +as `E1 ? E1 : E2`, except that `E1` is evaluated only once. + +[GNU extensions]: https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/C-Extensions.html +[`__typeof__`]: https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Typeof.html +[Statement expressions]: https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Statement-Exprs.html |